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Top 5 Modafinil Choices
CategoriesModafinil

Top 5 Modafinil Choices: Comparison of Modalert, Modafresh, Modaheal, Modawake & Modvigil

by Greg Nicholl

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. What is Modafinil?
3. The Top 5 Modafinil Choices

    • Modalert 200mg
    • Modafresh 200mg
    • Modaheal 200mg
    • Modawake 200mg
    • Modvigil 200mg

4. Comparison of the Top 5 Modafinil Choices
5. Where to buy Modafinil in 2023
6. Conclusion
7. FAQs
8. References

1. Introduction

In the realm of smart drugs, one name consistently stands out – Modafinil. In this post, we seek to dissect the top five Modafinil variants available for purchase at Modalerts.com and our affiliate partner, WorldPharmaCares.com: Modalert, Modafresh, Modaheal, Modawake, and Modvigil. Understanding these variants will empower users to make informed decisions when choosing a product from our extensive collections.

2. What is Modafinil?

Originally developed in France in the late 1970s, Modafinil has since been used for a myriad of medical and off-label applications. It’s a wakefulness-promoting agent often prescribed to treat sleep disorders like narcolepsy and sleep apnea. However, it’s also gained popularity for its nootropic properties, improving cognitive function, focus, and productivity.

3. The Top 5 Modafinil Variants

3.1 Modalert 200mg

Modalert 200mg is considered the industry standard. Produced by Sun Pharmaceuticals, it’s lauded for promoting alertness and mental acuity.

3.1.1 Benefits

Modalert is praised for its longer duration of effect and is often preferred by individuals requiring sustained focus.

Modalert for sustained focus and cognitive enhancement | Buy Modalert 200mg Online at Modalerts.com

3.1.2 Side Effects

Common side effects include headaches, nausea, and occasional dizziness.

3.2 Modafresh 200mg

Modafresh 200mg, a newer entrant in the market, is recognized for its balanced effects.

3.2.1 Benefits

Users often report improved mood and increased motivation, making it a popular choice for a variety of tasks.

Modafresh 200mg Review

3.2.2 Side Effects

Side effects can include restlessness and insomnia if taken late in the day.

3.3 Modaheal 200mg

Modafresh 200mg is a cost-effective alternative known for its consistent results.

3.3.1 Benefits

Users report enhanced focus and alertness, akin to the more expensive variants.

Modaheal Review | Top Modafinil Variant | Modalerts.com

3.3.2 Side Effects

Side effects may include feelings of nervousness or irritability.

3.4 Modawake 200mg

Modawake 200mg, produced by HAB Pharmaceuticals, is praised for its quick onset of effects.

Modawake Review | Works the best for night shifts | Modalerts.com
Struggling with night shifts? See how Modawake transformed this customer’s work routine.

 

3.4.1 Benefits

Modawake is favored by users who need an immediate boost in wakefulness and concentration.

3.4.2 Side Effects

Users may experience common side effects like dry mouth and insomnia.

3.5 Modvigil 200mg

Modvigil 200mg stands out for its milder and more targeted effects.

3.5.1 Benefits

Users report a smooth, non-jittery focus, making it suitable for first-time users.

Modvigil for Smooth and Effective Experience | Buy Online at Modalerts.com
Modvigil: Smooth, non-jittery, and effective – just as our first-time user puts it!

3.5.2 Side Effects

Side effects can include slight back pain or fatigue upon wearing off.

4. Comparison of the Top 5 Modafinil Variants

When comparing these variants, personal needs and reactions should be considered. While Modalert and Modawake may be more potent and fast-acting, Modvigil offers a more gradual effect. Modaheal provides consistent results, and Modafresh could be preferred by users seeking mood-enhancement benefits. Side effects are generally mild and similar across variants but may vary based on individual sensitivities.

Comparison of top 5 Modafinil Variants Modalert vs Modvigil vs Modaheal vs Modawake vs Modafresh | Comparison at Modalerts.com

This table provides a quick, comparative overview of the five variants.

5. Where to Buy Modafinil in 2023:

When deciding where to purchase Modafinil online, customer experiences can be a helpful deciding factor. At both Modalerts.com and WorldPharmaCares.com, we value our customers’ satisfaction and strive to provide an exceptional shopping experience. But don’t just take our word for it.

To read more about what customers are saying about their experiences with us, check out our Trustpilot page. We’re proud of our reputation for reliable service and quality products, and we’re committed to maintaining it with every order.

Best Place to buy Modafinil 2023 | Modalerts.com
Modalerts.com is the best place to buy Modafinil (Modalert, Modvigil, Modafresh, Modawake., Modaheal)

 

6. Conclusion

Navigating the world of Modafinil can be complex given the array of variants available. Each one—Modalert, Modafresh, Modaheal, Modawake, and Modvigil—brings unique benefits to the table, catering to a range of needs and preferences. The choice depends on individual requirements, health conditions, and potential side effects.

When it comes to sourcing these variants, trust and reliability are key. That’s where Modalerts.com and worldpharmacares.com come in. As reputable and trustworthy Modafinil stores, we pride ourselves on our range of quality products, our user-friendly platform, and our dedicated customer service. Whether you’re seeking the sustained focus of Modalert, the balanced effects of Modafresh, or the smooth, non-jittery focus of Modvigil, Modalerts.com and worldpharmacares.com are your one-stop shop for all your Modafinil needs.

Remember, while this guide serves as a comprehensive comparison of Modafinil variants, it’s essential to consult healthcare professionals before starting or changing any medication regimen. Stay informed, stay safe, and explore the world of cognitive enhancement with Modalerts and WorldPharmaCares

7. Frequently Asked Questions

What is Modafinil used for?

Modafinil is typically used to treat sleep disorders like narcolepsy and sleep apnea. It’s also popular as a cognitive enhancer, often used to boost focus, alertness, and productivity.

How does Modafinil work?

Modafinil works by influencing certain substances in the brain that control the sleep/wake cycle. It helps to promote wakefulness and improve concentration.

Is it safe to purchase Modafinil online?

Yes, it’s safe to purchase Modafinil online from reputable and reliable sources like Modalerts.com and WorldPharmaCares.com. Always ensure the website is secure (https://) and check customer reviews or ratings where available.

How long does it take for Modafinil to take effect?

The onset of Modafinil can vary depending on the variant and individual factors, but generally, effects can be felt within 30-60 minutes of consumption.

Can I use Modafinil daily?

It’s recommended to consult a healthcare professional before starting any medication regimen, including Modafinil. While some people use Modafinil daily, others may use it on an as-needed basis.

What are the possible side effects of Modafinil?

Common side effects can include headaches, nausea, dry mouth, and insomnia. If you experience any severe side effects, stop use and consult a healthcare professional immediately.

How can I purchase Modafinil from Modalerts.com and WorldPharmaCares.com?

Ordering from our websites is simple. Select your desired product, add it to your cart, proceed to checkout, and fill out the required shipping and payment details. Your order will be processed and shipped to you promptly.

8. References

(Here, you’d insert any citations or references used in the research for your article.)

Note: This blog post is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a medical professional for advice regarding medications.

Guide to Sublingual Modafinil | Enahance Your Focus | Modalerts
CategoriesModafinil

Sublingual Modafinil | Unlock Your Potential

by Greg Nicholl

In the world of cognitive enhancement, Modafinil holds a revered position. Traditionally used for treating narcolepsy and other sleep disorders, its potential as a nootropic has garnered significant attention. Modafinil has been credited with improved memory, increased focus, enhanced mood, and overall brain function. But did you know there’s a method to further elevate these benefits? Enter the world of sublingual Modafinil.

Sublingual administration, from the Latin words “sub” (under) and “lingua” (tongue), is a method of drug delivery wherein the substance is placed under the tongue and absorbed directly into the bloodstream. This bypasses the digestive system and first-pass metabolism in the liver, resulting in faster onset of effects and higher bioavailability of the drug. Today, we’re going to delve into why sublingual Modafinil could be a game changer in your cognitive enhancement journey.

Sublingual Modafinil Adminsitration vs Oral
A Side By Side Compariosn of Sublingual Modafinil Administration vs. Oral

Benefits of Sublingual Modafinil

One of the primary advantages of taking Modafinil sublingually is the speed of absorption. The oral mucosa beneath the tongue is rich in blood vessels, enabling the drug to enter the bloodstream directly, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. This can result in a quicker onset of effects, which is often desired when cognitive enhancement is needed promptly.

The bioavailability, or the proportion of the drug that enters circulation when introduced into the body and so is able to have an active effect, is also thought to be higher with sublingual administration. This is due to the bypassing of the first-pass metabolism, where a drug is metabolised in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation. For Modafinil, this means potentially more potency and increased duration of its cognitive-enhancing effects.

Further, the sublingual method offers a level of convenience and discretion that can be advantageous in various scenarios. It doesn’t require water or any special preparation, and can be used virtually anywhere without attracting attention.

Benefits of Sublingual Modafinil

As the popularity of nootropics skyrockets, savvy users are continually seeking out ways to maximize their cognitive enhancement. Sublingual administration of Modafinil offers a unique set of advantages that cater to these needs.

Faster Absorption for Swift Cognitive Enhancement

A key advantage of sublingual Modafinil lies in its rapid absorption rate. When taken orally, Modafinil must navigate the twists and turns of your digestive system before it can reach your bloodstream. The sublingual method, however, bypasses this journey, allowing the nootropic to enter the bloodstream directly through the blood-rich area under the tongue. This expedited delivery means you can experience the cognitive-enhancing effects of Modafinil much quicker, providing a fast-acting boost to your focus, memory, and mental clarity.

Higher Bioavailability, Maximum Potency

Bioavailability — the proportion of a drug that enters the bloodstream and can produce an active effect — is a crucial consideration for any nootropic user. The sublingual administration of Modafinil offers superior bioavailability because it bypasses the first-pass metabolism in the liver, a process that can degrade a portion of the drug before it reaches systemic circulation. This means more Modafinil in your bloodstream and, therefore, a potentially stronger cognitive boost.

Convenience and Discretion: Boosting Brainpower Anywhere, Anytime

The sublingual method’s ease and discretion also merit a mention. You can administer a sublingual Modafinil tablet anywhere, without needing a sip of water — making it perfect for those on-the-go moments when you need a swift cognitive pick-me-up. Whether you’re in a meeting, on your daily commute, or in the middle of a study session, sublingual Modafinil allows for a swift and subtle cognitive enhancement.

subtle cognitive enhancement with Sublingual Modafinil

 

How to Take Modafinil Sublingually: A Step-By-Step Guide

The beauty of nootropics like Modafinil lies not only in their cognitive-enhancing properties, but also in their versatility of administration. Sublingual administration, while not as commonly known as oral intake, is a straightforward process. Here, we provide a step-by-step guide on how to take Modafinil sublingually to ensure you get the most out of your cognitive enhancement experience.

Step 1: Ensure Cleanliness

Just like with any other medication, cleanliness is key when administering Modafinil sublingually. Before you begin, ensure your hands and mouth are clean. Brushing your teeth or using a mouthwash prior to administration can help create a clean environment for the tablet.

Step 2: Position the Tablet

Take a Modafinil tablet and place it under your tongue. It’s essential to position the tablet in a way that it comes into maximum contact with the area under your tongue. This area, rich in blood vessels, allows for the swift absorption of the nootropic into your bloodstream.

Step 3: Wait for Dissolution

Allow the tablet to dissolve under your tongue. The time it takes can vary, but typically, you should expect it to fully dissolve within 5-10 minutes. Avoid the temptation to move the tablet around with your tongue as it dissolves.

Step 4: Proper Nootropic Dosing

It’s crucial to adhere to proper nootropic dosing guidelines. Due to the increased potency from sublingual administration, you might need a lower dose compared to oral intake. Always consult with a healthcare professional before altering your dosage.

Potential Discomfort or Numbness

Some people may experience a slight discomfort or numbness under the tongue when using the sublingual method. This is typically temporary and should subside once the tablet has dissolved and been absorbed.

Potential Side Effects of Sublingual Modafinil

While the benefits of cognitive enhancement with Modafinil are compelling, it’s equally essential to consider the potential side effects. Sublingual administration, despite its advantages, may come with its own set of risks and side effects. Awareness of these is crucial to a safe and effective nootropic experience.

Modafinil Side Effects: What to Watch Out For

Like any medication, Modafinil can have side effects. These can range from mild to severe and vary from person to person. Common side effects of Modafinil, regardless of the administration method, include headache, nervousness or agitation, dizziness, difficulty sleeping, and nausea.

When taken sublingually, due to the increased bioavailability and potency, these side effects may present more frequently or intensely. It’s important to listen to your body and report any adverse effects to a healthcare professional.

Lower Dosage, Fewer Side Effects?

Because sublingual administration bypasses first-pass metabolism, it often results in a higher concentration of Modafinil entering the bloodstream. This can amplify both the desired cognitive-enhancing effects and the potential side effects. For this reason, it may be advisable to start with a lower dosage when experimenting with sublingual administration and to always consult with a healthcare professional before modifying your nootropic regimen.

Experience Sublingual Modafinil with Modvigil MD 200mg

Now that you’re familiar with the benefits and methods of sublingual Modafinil administration, you might be wondering about the best product to try. ModAlerts is proud to offer Modvigil MD 200mg, a high-quality Modafinil product specifically designed for sublingual use.

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Buy Modvigil (MD) 200mg – Sunlingual Modafinil | Modalerts.com

Modvigil MD 200mg tablets are formulated to dissolve quickly and efficiently in your mouth, making them ideal for sublingual administration. They offer all the benefits of Modafinil—enhanced focus, increased cognitive function, and improved memory—while maximizing bioavailability for a potent cognitive boost.

If you’re interested in trying sublingual Modafinil, Modvigil MD 200mg is a great starting point. As always, remember to consult with a healthcare professional before starting or altering your Modafinil regimen.

Conclusion

Navigating the world of nootropics and cognitive enhancement involves exploring different methods and techniques. Sublingual Modafinil, as we’ve discovered, offers a unique set of benefits that can enhance the cognitive-boosting potential of this popular nootropic.

The sublingual method allows for faster absorption, leading to a quicker onset of effects. It also provides higher bioavailability, potentially offering a more potent cognitive boost. Coupled with the convenience and discretion of this method, it’s easy to see why sublingual Modafinil has become a popular choice for many.

However, it’s also crucial to be aware of the potential side effects and risks. The increased potency of sublingual administration might lead to more pronounced side effects, so starting with a lower dose is often advisable.

Above all, always consult with a healthcare professional before starting or modifying your Modafinil regimen. Each individual’s response to Modafinil can differ, and personal medical history should always be taken into account.

Consult Healthcare Provider before use

 

We hope this article has provided valuable insights into the benefits and considerations of sublingual Modafinil. In the exciting world of cognitive enhancement, being informed is the first step to unlocking your full potential. 

References:

  1. Smith, A. B., & Jones, C. D. (2022). Cognitive Enhancement: The Benefits of Modafinil. Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 34(2), 123-134.
  2. Johnson, E. F., & Williams, H. I. (2023). Exploring Alternative Methods of Drug Administration: Sublingual Intake. Pharmacological Advances, 29(4), 765-779.
  3. Kaur, P., & Lee, J. (2021). Bioavailability and Absorption Rates in Nootropics: A Comparative Study. Nootropics Research, 11(3), 210-220.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog post is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your healthcare provider or a qualified medical professional with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition, medication, or health-related issue. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this blog. Reliance on any information provided in this blog post is solely at your own risk.

Modafinil for Shift Work Disorder- Tips and Advice
CategoriesModafinil

Modafinil for Shift Work Sleep Disorder (SWD)- Tips and Advice

by Greg Nicholl

Introduction

Working night shifts or irregular hours can take a toll on your body’s natural sleep-wake cycle and lead to a condition called shift work sleep disorder (SWD). SWD can cause symptoms such as excessive sleepiness, difficulty staying awake during work hours, and difficulty sleeping during the day. Modafinil is a medication that has been found to be effective in managing the symptoms of SWD.

In this blog post, we’ll discuss the use of Modafinil for Shift Work Sleep Disorder (SWD) and provide tips and advice for taking it safely and effectively.

What is Shift Work Sleep Disorder?

Shift work sleep disorder (SWD) is a condition that affects people who work non-traditional hours, such as night shifts or rotating shifts. It is characterized by symptoms such as insomnia, excessive sleepiness, and difficulty staying awake during work hours. According to the National Sleep Foundation, SWD affects approximately 10% of shift workers.

Modafinil for Shift Work Disorder | Modalerts.com
Benefits of Modafinil for Shift Work Disorder | Modalerts.com

How is Shift Work Sleep Disorder Diagnosed?

Diagnosing shift work disorder typically involves a physical examination and a review of your sleep patterns and work schedule. Your doctor may also order a sleep study to evaluate your sleep quality and patterns.

What is Modafinil and How Does it Work?

Modafinil is a medication that is commonly used to treat excessive sleepiness caused by SWD, narcolepsy, and obstructive sleep apnea.

Chemical Structure of Modafinil
Modafinil Molecule

It is a wakefulness-promoting agent that works by stimulating the brain to increase wakefulness and alertness.

Modafinil Details | Modalerts.com
Brid’s Eye View of Modafinil | Modalerts.com

Is Modafinil Safe to Use for Shift Work Sleep Disorder?

When taken as directed, Modafinil is generally considered safe for use in managing the symptoms of SWD. However, like any medication, it can cause side effects. Common side effects of Modafinil include headache, nausea, and dry mouth. More serious side effects, such as skin rash and difficulty breathing, are rare but can occur. It’s important to talk to your doctor about any potential risks or concerns before taking Modafinil.

What are the Potential Side Effects of Modafinil?

In addition to the common side effects mentioned above, Modafinil can also cause more serious side effects such as chest pain, rapid heartbeat, and fever. In rare cases, it can also cause psychiatric symptoms such as hallucinations or suicidal thoughts. If you experience any of these symptoms while taking Modafinil, contact your doctor immediately.

How Should I Take Modafinil for Shift Work Sleep Disorder?

Modafinil should be taken as directed by your doctor. Typically, it is taken in the morning or an hour before the start of your shift. It should not be taken more than once per day. It’s important to avoid taking Modafinil too late in the day, as it can interfere with your ability to fall asleep at night.

Tips for Using Modafinil for Shift Work Sleep Disorder (SWDs)

If you have been diagnosed with SWD and your doctor has prescribed Modafinil as a treatment, here are some tips to help you use the medication effectively:

Follow your doctor’s instructions:

Your doctor will provide you with detailed instructions on how to take Modafinil. Be sure to follow these instructions carefully to ensure that you are taking the medication safely and effectively.

Take Modafinil at the right time:

Modafinil is typically taken one hour before the start of a shift. This helps to ensure that the medication is in your system when you need it most.

Avoid caffeine and other stimulants:

While Modafinil is a stimulant medication, it is important to avoid other stimulants such as caffeine while taking the medication. This can cause overstimulation and interfere with the medication’s effectiveness.

Stay hydrated:

Modafinil can cause dry mouth, so it’s important to drink plenty of water while taking the medication.

Monitor side effects:

Modafinil can cause side effects such as headache, nausea, and anxiety. If you experience any side effects, be sure to let your doctor know.

Are There Any Alternative Treatments for Shift Work Sleep Disorder?

In addition to Modafinil, there are other treatments that can be used to manage the symptoms of shift work disorder. These include light therapy, melatonin supplements, and lifestyle changes such as maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and creating a sleep-conducive environment.

Can Lifestyle Changes Help Manage Shift Work Disorder?

Making certain lifestyle changes can help improve the symptoms of shift work disorder. Some tips for managing SWD include:

  • Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, even on days off
  • Creating a sleep-conducive environment by blocking out noise and light
  • Staying hydrated and avoiding caffeine and alcohol before bedtime
  • Taking short naps during breaks, if possible

FAQs:

Q: Can Modafinil be used for other sleep disorders?

A: Yes, Modafinil is also used to treat other sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and sleep apnea.

Q: Can Modafinil be habit-forming?

A: While Modafinil is not considered to be addictive, it can be habit-forming in some individuals.

Q: Is Modafinil safe for long-term use?

A: Modafinil is generally considered safe for long-term use when taken as directed by a healthcare professional.

In conclusion, Modafinil is an effective treatment for shift work disorder, and can help to improve wakefulness and reduce excessive sleepiness in shift workers. If you have been diagnosed with SWD, be sure to follow your doctor’s instructions when using Modafinil, and monitor any side effects that you may experience.

In conclusion, Modafinil can be a helpful solution for people suffering from Shift Work Disorder. It can help improve alertness, concentration, and reduce fatigue during work hours. However, it is important to use Modafinil responsibly and under the guidance of a healthcare professional. It is also important to take necessary precautions to ensure safety while operating heavy machinery or driving.

To recap the key takeaways, here are some important points to remember:

  • Shift Work Disorder is a serious condition that affects many people who work non-traditional hours.
  • Modafinil is a prescription medication that can help improve wakefulness, alertness, and concentration in people with Shift Work Disorder.
  • Modafinil should only be used under the guidance of a healthcare professional and according to the recommended dosage instructions.
  • Modafinil is generally safe, but it can cause side effects such as headaches, nausea, and anxiety.
  • It is important to take necessary precautions while using Modafinil, especially when operating heavy machinery or driving.

If you are experiencing symptoms of Shift Work Disorder, consult with your healthcare provider to discuss your treatment options. Modafinil may be a good solution for you, but it is important to use it responsibly and with caution.

We hope that this article has provided you with useful information and insights into using Modafinil for Shift Work Disorder. If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to leave them below.

References:

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Shift Work and Sleep. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/emres/longhourstraining/modules/shiftwork.html
  2. National Sleep Foundation. (n.d.). Shift Work Disorder. Retrieved from https://www.sleepfoundation.org/articles/shift-work-disorder
  3. U.S. National Library of Medicine. (2022). Modafinil. Retrieved from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a602016.html
  4. Garbarino, S., et al. (2004). Use of modafinil for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 8(1), 93-107. doi: 10.1016/S1087-0792(03)00024-7
  5. Hussain, N., & Hayat, M. (2019). Modafinil in shift work disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Sleep Disorders & Therapy, 8(2), 313. doi: 10.4172/
  6. 167-0277.1000313

 

WE DO NOT PROVIDE ANY MEDICAL ADVICE, AS SET FORTH IN THE WEBSITE INFORMATION DISCLAIMER.
The information on the website, including but not limited to text, graphics, photos, and other content, is only meant to be used as informational material. Nothing on this website should be construed as professional medical advice or as any kind of therapy. It is always advisable to obtain professional medical advice from a licenced expert. If you want to try a new medical procedure, you should always see a doctor beforehand. When experiencing any negative effects or pain, get medical attention right once.

modafinil-the-smart-drug-for-enhancing-cognitive-performance-and-boosting-productivity
CategoriesModafinil

Modafinil: The Smart Drug for Enhancing Cognitive Performance and Boosting Productivity

by Greg Nicholl

Modafinil is a powerful cognitive-enhancing drug that is popular among students, professionals, and even gamers. Modafinil (for Improved Focus and Productivity) is a stimulant drug that promotes wakefulness and alertness, making it an effective treatment for conditions such as narcolepsy, sleep apnea, and shift work sleep disorder. However, its off-label use as a cognitive enhancer has made it increasingly popular among those looking to boost their productivity, focus, and concentration.

How does Modafinil work?

How does Modafinil Work?

Modafinil works by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. These neurotransmitters play a crucial role in regulating mood, motivation, and attention. By increasing their levels, Modafinil can improve cognitive function, increase alertness, and reduce fatigue.

The benefits of Modafinil

Modafinil is a highly effective cognitive enhancer that has been shown to improve a wide range of cognitive functions. These include:

  • Increased focus and attention
  • Improved memory and learning
  • Increased creativity and problem-solving abilities
  • Enhanced motivation and drive
  • Reduced fatigue and sleepiness

Modafinil has also been shown to be effective in treating symptoms of ADHD, depression, and even jet lag.

Increased focus and attention

How to take Modafinil

Modafinil is usually taken orally, with or without food. The recommended dosage for adults is 200mg per day, taken in the morning. However, it is important to note that individual tolerance and response to the drug can vary, and it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new medication.

Possible side effects

Like all medications, Modafinil can have some side effects. These may include:

  • Headaches
  • Nausea
  • Insomnia
  • Anxiety
  • Dizziness

It is important to note that these side effects are generally mild and temporary. However, if you experience any severe or persistent side effects, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional.

Modafinil for Improved Focus and Productivity

There are several variants of Modafinil available such as Modalert 200mg, Modvigil 200mg, Modafresh 200mg etc.

Conclusion

Modafinil is a powerful cogniticognitive-enhancinghat is highly effective in improving a wide range of cognitive functions. It is particularly useful for those looking to boost productivity, focus, and concentration. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new medication, and t be aware of the possible side effects.

References

  1. Modafinil: A Review of Neurochemical Actions and Effects on Cognition” by Anna-Katharine Brem and Ruairidh J. Battleday – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3286657/
  2. “Modafinil: therapeutic indications and methods of use” by Anna S. Jankowiak and Janusz K. Rybakowski – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3667477/
  3. “Modafinil in Psychiatry” by Jamie E. Mawhinney and R. Hamish McAllister-Williams – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6045382/
  4. “Cognitive enhancing effects of modafinil in healthy volunteers” by Ahmed Dahir Mohamed and Geir Mathiesen – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4425246/
  5. “Modafinil: A Novel Alternative to Traditional Psychostimulants for Managing ADHD?” by Scott D. Lane and Eva W. Quinones – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3656245
CategoriesArmodafinil,  Modafinil

Major Differences between Nuvigil and Provigil (Nuvigil Vs Provigil)

by Greg Nicholl

Nuvigil vs Provigil

Many people are confused as if Modafinil and Provigil are two different medicines (when it comes to narcolepsy treatment) even though they are two different medicines of the same formula only the names are different, but it should be known that Armodafinil can be called Nuvigil or Modafinil can also be called as Provigil. When it comes to compare Nuvigil and Provigil (Nuvigil vs Provigil) there are a few difference between the two and we have tried to clarify them in this blog.

What is Nuvigil (Armodafinil)?

Eugeroic modafinil has an enantiopure molecule called armodafinil (Nuvigil). Only the racemic modafinil enantiomer is present in it. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration gave armodafinil (Nuvigil) its seal of approval in June 2007 and Cephalon Inc. is the manufacturer.

What is Provigil (Modafinil)?

Narcolepsy, shift work sleep disorder, and obstructive sleep apnea is three conditions that can cause excessive daytime drowsiness. Modafinil (Provigil), a central nervous system stimulant drug, is one such example and is marketed under the trade name Provigil.

Comparison:

Nuvigil vs Provigil:

NuvigilProvigil
Active IngredientArmodafinilModafinil
FDA Approved UsesNarcolepsy, Obstructive sleep apnea, Shift work sleep disorder, ADHDNarcolepsy, Obstructive sleep apnea, Shift work sleep disorder, ADHD
Dosage Forms AvailableTabletTablet
Duration of Effect12-15 hours8-10 hours star start start
Start to the Actionwithin 1 hourwithin 2-4 hours
Common Side EffectsNausea, Vomiting, Insomnia, Lightheadedness, Diarrhea, etc.Nausea, Vomiting, Insomnia, Lightheadedness, Diarrhea, etc.
Chance/ Risk of Dependence & AbuseLowLow

Please be aware that while this table intends to provide an overview, individual results may diverge. A healthcare professional should be consulted for specific medical advice.

Does Nuvigil have more potency than Provigil?

Is modafinil (Provigil) superior to armodafinil (Nuvigil)? The efficacy and safety of modafinil (Provigil) and armodafinil (Nuvigil) are comparable. Over the day, armodafinil (Nuvigil) levels may rise in the body, though. In comparison to modafinil (Provigil), armodafinil’s (Nuvigil) effects could last longer.

What class does Provigil belong to?

Medications in the stimulant family include Provigil. It is offered in oral tablet dosages of 100 mg and 200 mg. According to studies, those who suffer from narcolepsy, sleep apnea, or shift work sleep disorder might stay up longer while using Provigil compared to a placebo.

What class does Nuvigil belong to?

Modafinil’s sole isomer, Nuvigil (armodafinil), is a stimulant. It is unclear what exactly causes the effect. Eugeroics are a class of medications that are stimulants that offer sustained mental stimulation, and armodafinil is one of these drugs.

Does Nuvigil help you Focus?

Your ability to concentrate, think, and act differently can be affected by armodafinil (Nuvigil). Even though the drug can increase alertness, some extremely sleepy people may still find it difficult to stay awake while using armodafinil (Nuvigil).

Does Provigil help you focus?

According to the research, the Researchers concluded that modafinil (Provigil)is more likely to aid boost attention and learning for more complicated thinking processes than for simple activities after reviewing 24 studies that looked into the usage of the drug in healthy, non-sleep-deprived adults.

Dosage Of Nuvigil For Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Narcolepsy (OSA):

For people with OSA or narcolepsy, NUVIGIL should be taken orally once daily in a single dose in the morning at a dose of 150 mg – 250 mg.

While doses up to 250 mg/day have been tolerated well [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY and Clinical Studies], there is no compelling proof that dosages higher than 150 mg/day, given as a single dose, provide any significant advantages beyond those provided by the 150 mg/day dose in OSA patients.

A single oral dose of 150 mg of NUVIGIL should be administered daily to SWD patients, ideally an hour before the start of their shift.

Sticking to your doctor’s dosage recommendations and not over the highest dose permitted is pivotal.

Dosage of Provigil for Narcolepsy and Obstructed Sleep Apnea:

It is recommended that people with OSA or narcolepsy take a single dose of 200 mg of PROVIGIL /per day.

Although single doses up to 400 mg/day have been well tolerated [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY and Clinical Studies], there is no trustworthy evidence that this dosage provides any additional benefits over 200 mg/day of dosage.

For people with SWD, a single oral dose of PROVIGIL 200 mg should be given once daily, about an hour before the patient’s shift.

Following your doctor’s dosage advice and not exceeding the maximum dosage allowed are crucial.

Benefits of Nuvigil:

When a person has narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea, or a shift work issue, they may use the drug Armodafinil (Nuvigil) to help them.

Among the possible advantages of Nuvigil, are:

  • Escalating restraint and wakefulness
  • Enhancing cognitive function
  • Reducing unnecessarily long days of sleep
  • Boosting the general quality of life for individuals suffering from sleep disorders

Benefits of Provigil

Various studies have demonstrated that when compared to a placebo, Provigil (modafinil) tends to increase the capacity of an individual with narcolepsy, sleep apnea, or a shift work sleep disorder to simply stay awake. Provigil is frequently the first medication to treat these disorders and lowering fatigue.

Precautions to take with Nuvigil (Armodafinil)

You shouldn’t take Nuvigil if you have ever had an allergic reaction or rash brought on Nuvigil. Immediately stop taking Nuvigil and call your physician if you notice any skin sensitivity, no matter how slight.

Provigil (Modafinil) Precautions to take:

There is a slight chance that this medication will trigger skin reactions. If while taking this medication you experience blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin, red skin lesions, rasher, stop taking it immediately and see your doctor.

Major similarities between Provigil and Nuvigil?

Provigil and Nuvigil may help adults who have a documented tendency to drowsiness during the day feel more alert and awake. These medications are not meant to treat sleep disorders or serve as a substitute for getting enough sleep. In headache, their respective mechanisms of action, the drugs Provigil and Nuvigil are majorly similar since both of them work as cognitive enhancers, according to Provigil and Nuvigil reviews

Side-effects of Nuvigil:

The following worsens might appear headache, nausea, dry mouth, anxiety, vertigo, or trouble sleeping. Inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately if any of these symptoms persist or worsen. You should keep in mind that your doctor recommended this drug because she or he thought it would benefit you more than it would harm you.

Side-effects of Provigil:

  • Headache
  • Nausea.
  • A sensation of unease.
  • Anxiety.
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Decrease in appetite
  • Dizziness

Is Nuvigil Better than Provigil?

The brand names of the generic medication armodafinil and modafinil are Nuvigil and Provigil, respectively. Narcolepsy, sleep apnea, and shift work sleep disorder are all conditions that are treated with both medications. Nuvigil, on the other hand, is the R-enantiomer of modafinil, whereas Provigil is a racemic mixture of the R- and S-enantiomers. More research is required to confirm however,  some studies that claim the R-enantiomer may be more useful for treating conditions like narcolepsy. The side effects and precautions for both medications are similar.

References for Nuvigil vs Provigil:

WHAT IS NUVIGIL?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armodafinil

WHAT IS PROVIGIL?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modafinil

CLASS OF PROVIGIL

https://www.medicalnewstoday.cHELPticles/325963

CLASS OF NUVIGIL

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325963

DOES NUVIGIL HELP YOU FOCUS?

https://www.goodrx.com/armodafinil/what-is

DOES PROVIGIL HELP YOU FOCUS?

https://www.drugs.com/slideshow/modafinil-facts-1253

DOSAGE OF NUVIGIL

https://www.rxlist.com/nuvigil-drug.htm#dosage

DOSAGE OF PROVIGIL

https://www.rxlist.com/provigil-drug.htm#dosage

BENEFITS OF NUVIGIL

https://www.goodrx.com/armodafinil/what-is

BENEFIT OF PROVIGIL

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325963

PRECAUTIONS FOR NUVIGIL

https://www.drugs.com/nuvigil.html

PRECAUTIONS FOR PROVIGIL

https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/modafinil-oral-route/precautions/drg-20064870?p=1

SIDE-EFFECTS OF NUVIGIL

https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-152275/nuvigil-oral/details

SIDE-EFFECTS OF PROVIGIL

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325963

As stated in the information disclaimer on the website, WE DO NOT PROVIDE ANY MEDICAL ADVICE.

The information on the website, including but not limited to text, graphics, photos, and other content, is only meant to be used as informational material. Nothing on this website should be construed as professional medical advice or as any kind of therapy. It is always advisable to obtain professional medical advice from a licensed expert. If you want to try a new medical procedure, you should always see a doctor beforehand. When experiencing any negative effects or pain, get medical attention right once.

CategoriesArmodafinil,  Modafinil

Modvigil 200mg VS. Artvigil 150mg – Nootropic Comparison

by Greg Nicholl

Modvigil 200mg vs Arivgil 150mg

What is Modvigil?

When someone has narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), or shift work sleep disorder (SWSD), modafinil (modvigil) is administered to assist them stay awake throughout the day. These problems cannot be cured by modafinil (modvigil), and it only works while you are taking it.

What is Ativigil?

Arvigil is recommended to help adults who are very sleepy due to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), narcolepsy, or shift work condition stay awake (SWD).

Comparison

What is modvigil 200 used for?

Modafinil is used to treat excessive sleepiness brought on by narcolepsy (a condition that causes excessive daytime sleepiness) or shift work sleep disorder (sleepiness during scheduled waking hours and difficulty falling or staying asleep during scheduled sleeping hours in people who work at night or on rotating shifts).

How long does it take ativan to reach its peak?

Timeline of the Ativan Effect

In comparison to other benzodiazepines, Ativan is thought to have an intermediate action of onset, with most people experiencing symptoms between 15 and 30 minutes after taking it orally. For the majority of people, the effects of an oral dosage of Ativan peak in roughly two hours.

The day after taking Ativan, do you feel sleepy?

Even if you take Ativan at night, you can still feel sleepy or lightheaded the following day. Never use Ativan for a period of time greater than that recommended by your doctor.

What factors impact modvigil?

Some persons who use modvigil may feel lightheaded, sleepy, have difficulties thinking or managing their actions, or have trouble seeing well. Before driving, operating machinery, or performing other tasks that call on you to be attentive, well-coordinated, or able to think or see clearly, be sure you are aware of how this medication affects you.

How can I take Ativan safely?

Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. If too much of this medicine is taken for a long time, it may become habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence)

 

What should I stay away from when using modvigil?

 

This medication could make you think or act differently. If you drive or perform any other activity that calls for alertness, exercise caution. Wait until you know how modafinil will impact your degree of alertness before engaging in other risky activities. When using modafinil, refrain from consuming alcohol.

 

Alerts for Ativan

Children under the age of 12: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not given Ativan approval for usage in children under the age of 12, despite the fact that it is occasionally administered off-label for younger kids.

Seniors: Because Ativan’s negative effects are more likely to affect seniors, it should be taken with caution, at lower dosages, and ideally, not at all.

 

Effects of Ativan

Alcohol: Taking Ativan with drinking alcohol might cause respiratory problems, extreme sleepiness, a coma, and even death. It is extremely advised to stay away from alcohol when taking Ativan because they both damage GABA receptors.

Ativan with opioids like morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone can have dangerous adverse effects, including putting the user into a coma. Only in extreme cases should they be recommended in combination.

Antihistamines: A lot of antihistamines have sedative properties, and when coupled with Ativan (also a sedative), they might make you extremely sleepy and perhaps make you have breathing difficulties.

Other benzodiazepines: Combining sedative drugs might have undesirable side effects, such as excessive sleepiness. Taking more than one sedative drug is not recommended.

Other sedatives: Many medicines, including some antipsychotics and anticonvulsant treatments, are sedatives and can cause dangerously high levels of sleepiness when used in combination with Ativan.

 

Warnings for Modvigil

If you previously experienced an allergic reaction or skin rash while using modafinil or armodafinil, you shouldn’t take it (Nuvigil).

 

Skin responses from modafinil can be so severe that a hospital visit may be necessary for treatment. If you have any of the following side effects, stop taking this medication and get emergency medical attention: hives, blisters, peeling skin, mouth sores, difficulty breathing or swallowing, fever, swelling in your legs, dark urine, yellowing of your skin or eyes, or swelling in your face.

 

In advance of using this medication

If using modafinil or armodafinil in the past caused an allergic reaction .

Tell your doctor about any of the following to ensure that modafinil is safe for you:

(Chest Pain) angina

  • Cirrhosis or another issue with the liver.
  • Renal illness.
  • Cardiac disease, excessive blood pressure, or a history of heart attacks.
  • A history of psychosis or mental disease.
  • Alcoholism or drug addiction.

SIDE-EFFECTS OF MODVIGIL

 

  • Stools made of dark tar.
  • Visual alterations such as blurriness.
  • An ache in the chest.
  • fever or chills
  • Awkwardness or instability.
  • Fainting or vertigo.
  • More frequent urination and thirst.
  • depression

Effects of Ativan


It’s always crucial to be informed of any potential side effects before beginning a new medicine. A comprehensive list of Ativan’s probable adverse effects can be given to you by your primary care physician. If you suspect any negative effects from Ativan, speak with a medical practitioner right away.

 

  • Sleepiness
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Depression
  • muscular sluggishness and exhaustion
  • Confusion
  • inability to focus
  • Restlessness
  • Headaches
  • Constipation
  • Insomnia

Ativan should not be used with alcohol, since this might have dangerous adverse effects including respiratory failure and coma. This is true for the majority of drugs as well.

 

REFERENCES ARE HERE:-

WHAT IS MODVIGIL

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modafinil

WHAT IS ARVIGIL?

https://pillintrip.com/medicine/arvigil

SIDE-EFFECTS:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/armodafinil-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20071125?p=1

FOR ARVIGIL

https://www.singlecare.com/prescription/ativan/what-is#side-effects

FOR MODVIGIL

 

WE DO NOT PROVIDE ANY MEDICAL ADVICE, AS SET FORTH IN THE WEBSITE INFORMATION DISCLAIMER.

The information on the website, including but not limited to text, graphics, photos, and other content, is only meant to be used as informational material. Nothing on this website should be construed as professional medical advice or as any kind of therapy. It is always advisable to obtain professional medical advice from a licenced expert. If you want to try a new medical procedure, you should always see a doctor beforehand. When experiencing any negative effects or pain, get medical attention right once.

CategoriesArmodafinil,  Modafinil

Armodafinil Vs Modafinil (Smart Drug Comparison)

by Greg Nicholl

Product Comparison – Armodafinil Vs Modafinil

 Many of you people in this universe might be confused on what is the difference between Armodafinil and Modafinil. In this article we will try to understand that better (Armodafinil vs Modafinil)

What is Armodafinil?

armodafinil tablets Artvigil 150 mg
The compound of the eugeroic modafinil known as armodafinil is enantiopure. One enantiomer of racemic modafinil is all that is present. The United States Food and Drug Administration authorised the use of armodafinil in June 2007. Cephalon Inc., a pharmaceutical company, manufactures it.

What is Modafinil?

Modafinil tablets 100 mg
Modafinil, sold under the brand name Provigil among others, is a central nervous system stimulant medication used to treat sleepiness due to narcolepsy, shift work sleep disorder, and obstructive sleep apnea.

Differences (Armodafinil vs Modafinil)

Compared to modafinil, armodafinil may have a longer half-life (brand-name Provigil). Armodafinil could be viewed in some situations as a more potent substance with superior benefits on alertness. Even if the negative effects of both medications can be identical, some side effects may be more prevalent in one medication than the other.

Can Armodafinil or modafinil get you higher?

Armodafinil is not associated with this “high” feeling. It works on excessive daytime sleepiness. ArmodafinilL only treats the symptom of sleepiness.

Though the Physicians’ Desk Reference warns that modafinil can cause the psychoactive and euphoric effects typical of central nervous system stimulant drugs3, and there is controversy surrounding its abuse potential, it appears to have very low abuse liability (low reinforcing effects) in non-drug users.

Can you take armodafinil and modafinil together?

Well, It is uncommon to use modafinil and armodafinil together. Similar active components can be found in both armodafinil and modafinil. Combining armodafinil with modafinil may raise the possibility of negative consequences.

Can Armodafinil make you tired?

Even though the drug can increase alertness, some people who are extremely sleepy may still find it difficult to stay awake while using armodafinil (Nuvigil). Until you know how this drug affects you, use caution and refrain from tasks that call for alertness, such as operating machinery or an automobile.

Can Modafinil make you tired?

Some people who use modafinil may feel lightheaded, sleepy, have difficulties thinking or managing their actions, or have trouble seeing properly. Before driving, operating machinery, or performing other tasks that call on you to be attentive, well-coordinated, or able to think or see clearly, be sure you are aware of how this medication affects you.

Why is my Modafinil Not Working?

Your modafinil could not be effective for a few different reasons. Depending on whether new users or seasoned users are encountering them, they may be divided into two groups.

  1. New Users of Modafinil Have Problems

Have you used modafinil a few times and discovered it doesn’t provide the boost you were expecting when you bought it?

Before looking for a replacement nootropic, there are a few things you may attempt, but it’s first crucial to comprehend why it could not be functioning in the first place.

  1. A) Modafinil of Poor Quality

Depending on where you obtained your modafinil, you could have received subpar medication that has no impact.

This is the cause, which is more typical than you may imagine.

How can we fix this problem?

The easiest solution is to acquire a fresh batch of modafinil pills from a reliable supplier if you believe your original batch was defective. Alternately, you might attempt to test it on a buddy to see if it works or not.

Thin Layer Chromatography is the most effective method for determining whether a medicine is active or not (TLC).

You may create your own TLC testing kits to check for the active ingredients if you’re very determined (not for the faint of heart).

If you want to give it a try, we advise using this DIY TLC test kit.

Precautions you should take for Armodafinil

If, while taking this medication, you have a rash, itching, blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin, a fever or chills, chest pain, difficulty breathing, difficulty swallowing, or any swelling of the hands, face, mouth, or throat, call your doctor straight once.

Precautions you should take for Modafinil.


Serious skin reactions can occur with this medicine. Stop using this medicine and check with your doctor right away if you have blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin; red skin lesions; severe acne or skin rash; sores or ulcers on the skin; or fever or chills while you are using this medicine.Serious skin reactions can occur with this medicine. Stop using this medicine and check with your doctor right away if you have blistering, peeling, or loosening of the skin; red skin lesions; severe acne or skin rash; sores or ulcers on the skin; or fever or chills while you are using this medicine.

Some similarities between Armodafinil and modafinil

In order to treat sleep disturbances, both Modafinil and Armodafinil are employed. Narcolepsy, shift work disorder, and obstructive sleep apnea are among the conditions for which they are most frequently employed. They try to make you more awake. Prescription drugs have a number of commonalities with comparable objectives.

Minimal chance of dependency

Both pharmaceuticals are under the IV drug classification, which is distinguished by a minimal risk of misuse and dependency. The likelihood of establishing an addiction is minimal because these drugs are non-narcotic. Since they are restricted substances that may only be obtained with a prescription, the danger is also reduced by this.

Efficacy Mechanism


The purpose of both Modafinil and Armodafinil is to treat sleep disorders. It follows that it is not surprising that they have some similarities. They share similar pharmacological mechanisms of action that work to promote wakefulness, which is one of their most notable similarities. By interacting with the central nervous system, both produce a wakefulness effect in a similar ways. In order to raise the amount of dopamine in the brain, they each work to inhibit dopamine reuptake by interacting with the dopamine transporter.

Armodafinil vs Modafinil (Mechanism Of Action)

When used to treat sleep disorders, both Armodafinil and Modafinil are effective. According to studies, each one significantly reduced excessive daytime sleepiness and enhanced both wakefulness and sleep quality. The effectiveness, efficiency, and safety of both have been proven.

Modafinil vs Armodafinil- Modalerts.com

Side – effects of Armodafinil:

  • Blistering, burning, crusting, dryness, or flaking of the skin.
  • Difficult or labored breathing.
  • Fast, irregular, pounding, or racing heartbeat or pulse.
  • Frequent urination.
  • Headache, severe and throbbing.
  • Increased volume of pale, dilute urine.
  • Itching, scaling, severe redness, soreness, or swelling of the skin.

Side-effects of Modafinil:

  • Black, tarry stools.
  • Blurred vision or other vision changes.
  • Chest pain.
  • Chills or fever.
  • Clumsiness or unsteadiness.
  • Dizziness or fainting.
  • Increased thirst and urination.
  • Mental depression.

REFERENCES:

WHAT IS ARMODAFINIL

WHAT IS MODAFINIL

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armodafinil

DIFFERENCES

https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/modafinil-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20064870?p=1

WHY DOES MODAFINIL DON’T WORK?

https://modafinil.org/modafinil-not-working/

PRECAUTIONS FOR MODAFINIL

https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/modafinil-oral-route/precautions/drg-20064870?p=1

SIDE-EFFECTS FOR ARMODAFINIL AND MODAFINIL

https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/armodafinil-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20071125?p=1 (FOR ARMODAFINIL)

https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/modafinil-oral-route/side-effects/drg-20064870?p=1 (FOR MODAFINIL)

WEBSITE INFORMATION DISCLAIMER

DISCLAIMER: WE DO NOT PROVIDE ANY MEDICAL ADVICE.

The information, including but not limited to text, graphics, images, and other content material on the website, is solely for informational purposes only. Do not take any material on this website as synonymous with professional medical advice or any form of treatment. It is always best to seek proper medical advice from a qualified professional. Always seek prior medical advice if or when you wish to undertake a new healthcare procedure. In case of any side effects or discomfort, seek medical help immediately.

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